11/14/2023 0 Comments Distal metatarsal fracture![]() The lymphatic vessels of the lower limb divide into two major groups-superficial and deep vessels. The dorsalis pedis artery gives rise to the deep plantar artery, which communicates with the deep plantar arch forming an anastomosis between the anterior tibial and posterior tibial arteries. The posterior tibial artery gives rise to the medial and lateral plantar arteries, which anastomose to form the deep plantar arch. The dorsalis pedis artery terminates as the deep plantar artery. The dorsalis pedis artery and lateral tarsal arteries form an anastomosis, which gives rise to the dorsal metatarsal arteries. The dorsalis pedis artery continues distally between the extensor hallucis longus and extensor digitorum longus tendons, where its pulse is often palpated as part of the clinical physical exam. It terminates at the anterior ankle midway between the lateral and medial malleoli, where it divides into the dorsalis pedis and the lateral tarsal artery. The anterior tibial artery runs distally. The blood supply of the foot is provided by two main arteries, the anterior tibial artery, and the posterior tibial artery. The other metatarsals do generally not move in this regard as they are firmly fixed at their bases. Additionally, the first and fifth metatarsal and column complexes, are mobile, allowing of superior-inferior motion to adapt to uneven surfaces. The first metatarsal bears about 30-50% of the weight during the gait cycle. The metatarsals are vital to proper biomechanical gait as they form a major weight-bearing area distally at their heads. The arches receive support by musculotendinous units of the anterior and posterior leg, as well as intrinsic muscles and ligaments of the midfoot and hindfoot. Lastly, the transverse arch results from all of the metatarsal heads, cuboids, and the three cuneiform bones. The lateral longitudinal arch forms from the fourth and fifth metatarsal heads, cuboid and calcaneus. The medial longitudinal arch forms from the first three metatarsals, their respective tarsal articulating bones, and calcaneus. There are three main arches: medial longitudinal arch, lateral longitudinal arch, and transverse arch. The arches of the foot function in force absorption, support, and as a rigid lever during gait propulsion. In addition to being an insertion site for many of the muscles of the lower limb and foot, the metatarsals are an important component of the arches of the foot. The specific insertions of each of the muscles on the metatarsals appear below:įifth metatarsal: peroneus brevis, plantar interossei, dorsal interossei The metatarsals are an essential insertion and origination site for many of the muscles of the lower limb and foot. The hallux sesamoid bones are one of three locations of sesamoid bones in the human body in addition to the hand and the patella. Two sesamoid bones are associated with the medial column, located plantar to the first metatarsal head within the flexor hallucis brevis tendon. The lateral compartment of the TMT joint complex is composed of the fourth and fifth metatarsals and the cuboid. The second metatarsal is the longest of the metatarsal bones and articulates with the intermediate cuneiform, while the third metatarsal articulates with the lateral cuneiform. The middle column of the TMT joint complex is composed of the second and third metatarsals and intermediate and lateral cuneiforms, respectively. The first metatarsal is the shortest and widest metatarsal and articulates with the medial cuneiform bone proximally and the proximal phalanx of the hallux distally. The first column includes the first metatarsal and the medial cuneiform. The TMT joint complex can divide into a medial, middle, and lateral column. Injury and disruption of the articulation between the medial cuneiform and the second metatarsal base is commonly known as Lisfranc injury. The proximal connection of the metatarsal bones and tarsal bones make up the tarsometatarsal (TMT) joint complex, commonly referred to as Lisfranc’s joint. Each of the metatarsal bones articulates proximally with a tarsal bone and distally to one of the five phalanges of the foot, making the metatarsophalangeal (TMP) joint. The five metatarsal bones are numbered from one through five, medially to laterally, starting at the hallux (great toe).
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |